Cabbage (Brassica oleracea) is an incredibly versatile vegetable, highly esteemed for its dense, leafy heads and culinary versatility.

Used globally in various dishes, it also boasts a wealth of health benefits.

As a cool-season crop, cabbage can be grown in both the spring and fall, making it an excellent choice for gardeners seeking a continuous harvest throughout much of the year.

This guide aims to provide you with all the information needed to grow and care for your own cabbage plants, whether you’re a novice gardener or a seasoned green thumb.

Let’s dig into the specifics of this rewarding gardening journey.

Annual Vegetative Calendar for Cabbage

Cabbage, a cool-season crop known for its dense-leaved heads, is a staple in gardens due to its nutritional value and versatility in the kitchen. To ensure a bountiful harvest, let’s dive into the annual vegetative calendar tailored for cabbage cultivation.

Spring

Month	Tasks	Description
March	Seed Starting	Start seeds indoors 6-8 weeks before the last frost. Ensure seedlings receive plenty of light.
	Soil Preparation	Prepare the garden bed with rich, well-draining soil, amending with compost or aged manure.
April	Transplanting	Transplant seedlings outdoors when they have 3-4 true leaves, spacing them 12-24 inches apart.
	Watering & Mulching	Water plants regularly to keep the soil moist. Apply mulch to retain moisture and control weeds.
May	Pest Control	Monitor for pests like cabbage loopers and aphids. Use organic controls as needed.

Summer

Month	Tasks	Description
June	Thinning	Thin direct-sown plants to the correct spacing. Continue watering and mulching practices.
July	Fertilization	Apply a balanced fertilizer mid-season to support head formation and growth.
August	Harvesting	Begin harvesting heads when they are firm and have reached the desired size by cutting at the base.

Fall

Month	Tasks	Description
September	Fall Planting	For a fall harvest, plant seedlings outdoors 6-8 weeks before the first expected frost.
October	Maintenance	Continue to water and monitor for pests. Prepare for frost by covering plants if a sudden freeze is expected.
November	Final Harvest	Harvest any remaining cabbage heads before the deep freeze sets in. Store in a cool, dry place.

Winter

Month	Tasks	Description
December	Rest Period	Clean up the garden beds, removing plant debris to prevent disease and pests next season.
January	Planning	Plan next season’s garden. Order seeds and plan rotations to avoid planting cabbage in the same spot.
February	Seed Starting	Start seeds indoors for an early spring planting. Ensure they have enough light and warmth.

Caring for cabbage involves a cycle of preparation, planting, maintenance, and harvest. By following this vegetative calendar, you can enjoy fresh cabbage from your garden in both the spring and fall.

Adjust planting and harvesting times based on your local climate and weather conditions to ensure the best results.

How to Plant and Care for Cabbage

Cabbage is a versatile leafy green vegetable that can add both nutrition and flavor to various dishes.

Whether you’re a seasoned gardener or just starting, growing cabbage can be a rewarding and relatively straightforward endeavor.

With its dense leaves and cool-season preferences, cabbage can be grown in various regions with proper care and attention.

Here, we will explore how to plant and care for cabbage, from the initial steps of planting to the various aspects of nurturing these cruciferous crinkly heads.

How to Plant Cabbage

Cabbage is a cool-season crop that thrives in the spring and fall, making it an excellent choice for gardeners in regions with limited diversity during those seasons.

To ensure successful cabbage growth, follow these steps when planting:

1. Select the Right Time: Cabbage prefers cool temperatures and does not do well in extreme heat or severe frost. In colder winter areas, start cabbage seeds indoors about 8 weeks before the last spring frost for a spring crop or 14 weeks before the first fall frost for a fall crop. In milder climates, like the low desert of Arizona, cabbage grows best during the winter season.
2. Prepare the Seed Starters: Fill seed starter trays or pots with high-quality potting soil. Plant cabbage seeds at a depth of approximately 1/4 inch to 1/2 inch, and space them about 2 inches apart. Keep the soil moist during the germination period, which typically takes 4 to 10 days.
3. Transplanting Seedlings: Once the cabbage seedlings are 4 to 6 weeks old and have developed a few leaves, they can be transplanted outdoors. Plant them in well-prepared garden soil that is rich in organic matter and has good drainage. Space the transplants about 12 to 24 inches apart, depending on the cabbage variety.
4. Sunlight and Soil: Cabbage plants thrive in full sun, which means they need at least 6 to 8 hours of direct sunlight daily. The soil should be loamy and well-draining with a slightly acidic to neutral pH level.
5. Watering: Keep the soil consistently moist but not waterlogged. Adequate water is crucial for healthy cabbage growth, especially during hot and dry periods.
6. Fertilization: Prior to planting, amend the soil with compost or well-rotted manure to provide essential nutrients. Additionally, you can apply a balanced fertilizer during the growing season to promote vigorous growth.
7. Weeding: Regularly remove weeds from around the cabbage plants to prevent competition for nutrients and water.
8. Pest and Disease Management: Keep an eye out for common cabbage pests such as cabbage worms, aphids, and cabbage loopers. Consider using natural pest control methods or organic insecticides if needed. Crop rotation and maintaining good garden hygiene can also help prevent disease issues.

How to Care for Cabbage

Cabbage requires consistent care to ensure optimal growth and development.

Here are some essential care tips for your cabbage plants:

• Thinning: If you have sown multiple seeds in one spot, thin the seedlings to the appropriate spacing recommended for the cabbage variety. Proper spacing ensures adequate air circulation and reduces the risk of diseases.
• Mulching: Apply a layer of organic mulch, such as straw or shredded leaves, around the cabbage plants. Mulch helps retain soil moisture, suppresses weed growth, and maintains a more stable soil temperature.
• Watering: Cabbage plants need regular watering, especially during dry periods. Water deeply and consistently, aiming for about 1 to 1.5 inches of water per week. Avoid overhead watering, as wet foliage can lead to fungal issues.
• Hilling: As the cabbage plants grow, consider “hilling” or gently mounding soil around the base of the plants. This practice provides additional support and stability to the cabbage heads as they develop.
• Fertilizing: Cabbage is a heavy feeder and benefits from periodic fertilization. Use a balanced fertilizer, following the manufacturer’s instructions, to provide the necessary nutrients for robust growth.
• Monitoring for Pests and Diseases: Regularly inspect your cabbage plants for signs of pest infestation or disease. Early detection allows for prompt action, preventing potential damage to the crop.
• Harvesting: Cabbage heads are ready for harvest when they feel firm and have reached the desired size. Use a sharp knife to cut the cabbage heads just above the soil level, taking care not to damage neighboring plants.
• Crop Rotation: To minimize the risk of soilborne diseases and pests, practice crop rotation by avoiding planting cabbage in the same spot for consecutive years.

By following these planting and care guidelines, you can successfully cultivate healthy and flavorful cabbage in your garden.

Enjoy the satisfaction of growing your own nutritious produce and experimenting with various cabbage varieties to add a colorful twist to your culinary creations!

Cabbage Pruning and Propagation

Cabbage, the leafy green vegetable with its densely packed head, is not only a delightful addition to various cuisines but also a fascinating plant to grow in your garden.

As a gardener, you might be wondering about the best practices for pruning and propagating cabbage to ensure a bountiful harvest and continue the joy of growing this wonderful crop.

Well, fear not, for in this guide, we will delve into the art of cabbage pruning and propagation, equipping you with the knowledge to nurture these cruciferous crinkly heads to their fullest potential!

How to Prune Cabbage

Pruning cabbage is a crucial aspect of its care, contributing to healthier growth and better quality heads.

Here are the steps to prune cabbage like a pro:

1. Timing is Key: Pruning should be done when the cabbage plants have developed several leaves but before the head reaches its full size. Typically, this occurs when the cabbage head is about the size of a tennis ball.
2. Identify the Target Leaves: To begin the pruning process, identify the outer leaves that appear yellow, damaged, or wilted. These leaves are the ones to be removed.
3. Clean Cuts: Using sharp and clean gardening shears, carefully snip off the identified leaves at the base, close to the main stem of the plant. Be gentle to avoid damaging the healthy inner leaves.
4. Leave the Inner Leaves Intact: It is essential to leave the inner leaves untouched, as they are crucial for the continued growth and development of the cabbage head.
5. Remove Pest-Infested Leaves: While pruning, keep an eye out for any signs of pest infestation. If you spot any affected leaves, remove them promptly to prevent further damage.
6. Monitor the Progress: After pruning, monitor the cabbage plants closely to ensure they continue to grow and form full heads. Regularly check for any new signs of yellowing or wilting leaves and promptly remove them.

How to Propagate Cabbage

Propagating cabbage can be an exciting way to expand your cabbage garden without the need for buying new seeds or seedlings.

Here’s a step-by-step guide to propagating cabbage through seed saving:

1. Select Healthy Cabbage Plant: Choose a healthy, well-developed cabbage plant from your garden that displays desirable characteristics and has produced excellent heads.
2. Timing Matters: Allow the selected cabbage plant to remain in the garden until it completes its life cycle and begins flowering. Cabbage is technically a biennial crop, so it will flower and produce seeds in its second season.
3. Let it Go to Seed: Allow the cabbage plant to continue its growth until it produces seed pods. The seed pods will develop after the cabbage plant flowers and the flowers are pollinated.
4. Harvest the Seeds: Once the seed pods have dried and turned brown, harvest the seeds by carefully removing them from the pods. Ensure the seeds are fully mature before harvesting to ensure successful propagation.
5. Store the Seeds: Place the collected cabbage seeds in a dry and cool location for storage. Store them in airtight containers or envelopes, ensuring they are labeled with the cabbage variety and the date of harvest.
6. Sowing the Saved Seeds: When the next planting season arrives, sow the saved cabbage seeds in well-prepared soil and follow standard planting practices. Keep the soil consistently moist, and soon you’ll witness the germination of your propagated cabbage plants.
7. Observe the Results: As the propagated cabbage plants grow, observe their characteristics and compare them to the parent plant. This will allow you to identify any variations in traits and make adjustments for future seed saving.

By mastering the art of cabbage pruning and propagation, you’ll not only optimize the growth and yield of your cabbage plants but also develop a deeper connection with this remarkable vegetable.

Cabbage Pests and Diseases

In the world of gardening, where nurturing greens can be a rewarding experience, one must be prepared to face the challenges presented by pests and diseases.

Cabbages, with their succulent leaves and numerous health benefits, are no exception.

These hardy members of the Brassicaceae family are prone to a variety of ailments that can affect their growth, yield, and overall health.

Common Pests and Diseases

When it comes to cabbage pests and diseases, you’ll want to arm yourself with knowledge and effective strategies to ensure your cabbage plants stay strong and healthy.

These can range from leafy invaders to microscopic pathogens, each with its own set of symptoms and effects.

But fear not, dear gardeners!

With the right approach, you can successfully thwart these garden foes and have your cabbages thriving in no time.

Common Pests

1. Aphids: These tiny, sap-sucking insects are one of the most common pests found on cabbage plants. They have a knack for congregating on the undersides of leaves, extracting precious plant juices, and leaving behind a sticky residue called “honeydew.” Aphid infestations can lead to stunted growth, wilting, and the transmission of viral diseases. Vigilance is the key, and you can use insecticidal soaps or neem oil to deter these pesky critters.
2. Caterpillars: Notorious for their munching habits, caterpillars can wreak havoc on cabbage leaves and roots. The most common culprits are cabbage loopers, cabbage worms, and diamondback moths. These voracious eaters can quickly strip a cabbage plant of its foliage, affecting its ability to produce energy through photosynthesis. To control caterpillar populations, handpicking them off the plants or introducing natural predators like ladybugs and birds can be effective measures.
3. Loopers: Similar to caterpillars, these little troublemakers are part of the caterpillar family and can cause significant damage to your cabbages if left unchecked. The name “loopers” comes from their distinctive looping movement when they crawl. These green-colored caterpillars can be controlled with the same methods used for their caterpillar cousins.
4. Moths: Cabbage moths are stealthy pests that lay their eggs on cabbage leaves. The emerging larvae, known as cabbage worms or diamondback worms, start their feeding frenzy, leaving behind unsightly holes in the foliage. Maintaining a clean garden and using floating row covers to protect your cabbage can help keep these moths at bay.

Common Diseases

• Alternaria Leaf Spot: This fungal disease can cause leaf spots to develop on older cabbage tissue, and in severe cases, it can infect the developing heads. The spots usually have dark centers with a lighter-colored edge. To control Alternaria leaf spot, practice good garden hygiene, avoid overhead watering, and use fungicides if necessary.
• Black Rot: A bacterial disease that can lead to blackening of veins and yellow V-shaped lesions on cabbage leaves. Infected leaves may eventually turn yellow and die, impacting the overall health of the plant. Crop rotation, removing and destroying infected plant debris, and using disease-resistant cabbage varieties are essential in managing black rot.
• Clubroot: A soil-borne disease caused by the Plasmodiophora brassicae pathogen that can stunt growth and cause club-like deformations on the roots of cabbage plants. Infected plants may wilt and show signs of nutrient deficiency. To prevent clubroot, avoid planting cabbage in the same location for several years and ensure proper soil drainage.
• Downy Mildew: This fungal disease can cause fuzzy gray patches on the undersides of cabbage leaves, which may turn yellow and eventually die. Downy mildew thrives in cool and humid conditions, making it more prevalent in certain regions. Proper spacing between plants, adequate airflow, and removing infected leaves can help control downy mildew.
• Powdery Mildew: Another fungal disease that forms white, powdery spots on cabbage leaves. Powdery mildew is most likely to occur in warm and dry conditions. To manage this disease, water plants at the base, provide ample space for air circulation, and apply fungicides if necessary.
• Bacterial Soft Rot: A bacterial disease that can lead to soft, watery decay in cabbage heads, making them inedible. Bacterial soft rot thrives in warm and moist conditions, and infected plants should be removed and destroyed immediately to prevent further spread.
• White Mold: This fungal disease can cause fluffy, white growth on cabbage stems and leaves. It tends to thrive in cool and humid weather. To control white mold, provide adequate spacing between plants, avoid overhead watering, and remove and dispose of infected plant material.
• Yellows: A viral disease that causes yellowing and stunted growth in cabbage plants. Yellows disease is primarily transmitted through infected plant debris and aphids. Preventing aphid infestations and removing infected plants can help manage this viral disease.

Now that you have a comprehensive understanding of cabbage pests and diseases, it’s time to take action!

Remember, prevention is key, so maintaining good garden hygiene, practicing crop rotation, and using organic pest control methods can go a long way in keeping your cabbages happy and healthy.

With a little care and a touch of green-thumb magic, you’ll be enjoying your bountiful cabbage harvest in no time!

Buying Cabbage Seeds

Gardening enthusiasts and novices alike are often enticed by the prospect of growing their own fresh produce, and cabbage is undoubtedly a popular choice.

However, when it comes to buying cabbage seeds, it’s essential to make informed decisions to ensure a successful and rewarding gardening experience.

Whether you’re looking for a specific cabbage variety or seeking reliable sources for high-quality seeds, this guide will provide you with all the advice and options you need to embark on your cabbage-growing journey.

Advice On Buying Cabbage Seeds

When it comes to purchasing cabbage seeds, several factors should be considered to ensure that you end up with top-notch seeds that will yield healthy and vibrant cabbages.

Here are some tips to keep in mind:

• Variety Selection: Start by choosing the cabbage variety that best suits your gardening preferences and culinary needs. Whether you prefer classic green cabbages, vibrant red varieties, or unique heirloom cultivars, selecting the right cabbage type is crucial for a successful and enjoyable growing experience.
• Quality and Freshness: Opt for seeds from reputable seed companies or local nurseries known for their quality products. Freshness is essential, as older seeds might have reduced germination rates. Look for seeds with a high germination percentage for better success in sprouting.
• Climate Suitability: Consider your climate and growing conditions. Some cabbage varieties are better suited for specific climates or growing seasons. If you live in a colder region, choose cabbage seeds that are more cold-tolerant, while those in warmer climates may opt for heat-resistant varieties.

Where to Buy Cabbage Seeds Online

Finding reliable sources to purchase cabbage seeds online is a convenient way to access a wide variety of options and have the seeds delivered to your doorstep.

Here are some reputable online seed vendors to consider:

• Seed Savers Exchange: This non-profit organization offers a diverse selection of heirloom cabbage varieties. By purchasing from them, you not only get quality seeds but also contribute to preserving heirloom plant diversity.
• Burpee: A well-known name in the gardening world, Burpee offers a wide range of cabbage seeds, including classic green and red varieties, as well as hybrid and organic options.
• Johnny’s Selected Seeds: This company is popular among professional growers and hobby gardeners alike. They provide high-quality cabbage seeds, including various types suitable for different climates and growing conditions.
• Baker Creek Heirloom Seeds: If you’re a fan of heirloom varieties, Baker Creek is a great place to explore unique and rare cabbage cultivars that are not commonly found elsewhere.
• Park Seed: With a long history of providing quality seeds, Park Seed offers a selection of cabbage seeds, including early and late-season varieties to cater to various planting schedules.
• Territorial Seed Company: This seed supplier offers an array of cabbage seeds, including hardy and disease-resistant varieties, ideal for both novice and experienced gardeners.
• Renee’s Garden: If you’re looking for organic and non-GMO cabbage seeds, Renee’s Garden is a reliable option. They offer a selection of flavorful and unique cabbage varieties suitable for home gardeners.
• High Mowing Organic Seeds: As the name suggests, this company specializes in organic seeds. They offer a wide range of organic cabbage seeds, perfect for those seeking environmentally friendly gardening options.
• Southern Exposure Seed Exchange: If you’re located in the southern regions of the United States, this seed company provides cabbage varieties specifically adapted to the heat and humidity of the South.
• Ferry Morse: With over 160 years of experience, Ferry Morse offers a variety of cabbage seeds, along with helpful growing tips and resources to support your gardening journey.

Now armed with valuable advice on buying cabbage seeds and a list of reputable online seed vendors, you can confidently begin your cabbage-growing venture.

Cabbage Varieties

Cabbage, a staple vegetable in cuisines worldwide, offers a delightful array of varieties, each with its unique characteristics and culinary applications.

With a rich history of cultivation and its adaptability to cold climates, cabbage has become a popular choice among gardeners and food enthusiasts alike.

From classic dishes like coleslaw and stuffed cabbage to exotic delicacies like kimchi and sauerkraut, the versatility of cabbage knows no bounds.

Let’s embark on a journey to explore the intriguing world of cabbage varieties and discover the best cultivars for your garden and kitchen!

Cabbage Varieties to Grow

When it comes to choosing the perfect cabbage variety to grow, you’ll be spoiled for choice with a plethora of options available in seed catalogs and nurseries.

Each variety offers a unique taste, texture, and color, making it a delightful addition to any garden or plate.

Here are some noteworthy cabbage varieties to consider planting:

• Green Cabbage: The most common and recognizable type, green cabbage boasts wide green leaves with a smooth texture. Perfect for both raw and cooked recipes, this versatile variety is often used in classic dishes like coleslaw or stuffed cabbage.
• Red Cabbage: While it might be called “red,” this variety typically features a stunning purple hue. Ideal for shredding in salads or using as a colorful topping for burgers or tostadas, red cabbage adds a vibrant touch to any dish.
• Savoy Cabbage: Known for its crinkly and tender leaves, Savoy cabbage stands out from other varieties. Its unique texture makes it a great choice for sautéing or stir-frying, and it adds a frilly variation to traditional dishes like slow cooker corned beef and cabbage.
• Napa Cabbage: Also referred to as Chinese cabbage, Napa cabbage is prized for its mild and slightly sweet taste. Characterized by its long, pale green leaves, Napa cabbage is perfect for use in stir-fries, soups, and salads.
• Bok Choy: This cabbage variety, with its distinct green and white stems and glossy green leaves, is a popular choice in Asian cuisines. Its crunchy texture and delicate flavor make it a delightful addition to stir-fries and Asian-inspired dishes.
• Brussels Sprouts: Although technically a member of the cabbage family, Brussels sprouts deserve a special mention. These miniature cabbage-like vegetables grow in clusters along a central stem and are known for their slightly nutty flavor. Roasting or sautéing Brussels sprouts brings out their delicious taste.
• January King Cabbage: An eye-catching variety with watercolor-like purple and green leaves, the January King cabbage is perfect for adding visual appeal to your garden. It’s well-suited for winter gardens and can add a burst of color during colder months.
• Savoy King Cabbage: A larger and improved version of Savoy cabbage, the Savoy King has all the delightful attributes of its predecessor with the added advantage of larger heads, making it a great choice for heartier meals.
• Earliana Cabbage: For those seeking an early maturing variety, the Earliana cabbage is a perfect pick. With a quick maturation period, this cabbage is an excellent option for gardeners who want to enjoy an early harvest.
• Brunswick Cabbage: Offering a sweet and mild flavor, Brunswick cabbage is a popular choice for coleslaw and stir-fries. Its tight, white leaves make it visually appealing in the garden.
• Late Flat Dutch Cabbage: As the name suggests, this variety is a late-season cabbage that produces large, flat heads. Its excellent storage capabilities make it ideal for enjoying cabbage through the winter months.
• Danish Ballhead Cabbage: Known for its round and solid heads, Danish Ballhead cabbage is a traditional favorite with a dense, sweet taste. It’s excellent for fermentation and producing sauerkraut.
• Kale (Leaf Cabbage): A leafy cousin of the classic cabbage, kale comes in various varieties and is packed with nutrients. From curly kale to Lacinato kale, each type offers a distinct flavor and texture.
• Red Acre Cabbage: A compact and deep purple variety, the Red Acre cabbage is perfect for adding vibrant color to your garden and meals. Its smaller size makes it an excellent choice for small gardens.
• Golden Acre Cabbage: This early-maturing variety boasts round, solid heads with a tender and buttery taste. Golden Acre cabbage is well-suited for various cooking methods and is a favorite for many gardeners.
• Rubicon Cabbage: If you’re looking for a cabbage variety with excellent disease resistance and uniformity, Rubicon cabbage fits the bill. It produces medium-sized, green heads with a delightful taste.
• Napa January Cabbage: Combining the best of Napa and January King cabbages, this variety offers attractive and flavorful heads that thrive in cooler weather.
• Gonzales Cabbage: With its tender and sweet leaves, Gonzales cabbage is a delicious addition to any garden. Its smaller size makes it perfect for those with limited garden space.
• Mammoth Red Rock Cabbage: As the name suggests, this cabbage variety produces mammoth-sized, red heads that are perfect for making tangy sauerkraut and other fermented delights.
• Bilko Cabbage: A unique variety known for its disease resistance and tolerance to cold weather, Bilko cabbage is an excellent choice for extending your growing season.
• Portuguese Cabbage (Couve Tronchuda): Popular in Portuguese cuisine, this cabbage variety has large, heavily crinkled leaves and a mild, delicate taste. It’s often used in traditional dishes like caldo verde soup.

Selecting the right cabbage varieties for your garden will depend on your taste preferences, climate, and available space.

With such a diverse range of cabbages to choose from, you can cultivate a garden filled with colorful and flavorful heads, ensuring a bountiful harvest and a delightful culinary journey.

FAQs

Additional Resources

If you’re interested in learning more about how to grow and care for cabbage, these resources might be helpful.

They provide more in-depth guidance on planting, cultivating, and harvesting cabbage, as well as tips on dealing with pests and diseases.

• Cabbage Plant: How to Grow, Care for and Harvest Cabbages – The Spruce
• How to Plant, Grow, and Care For Cabbage – All About Gardening
• How to Grow a Cabbage (with Pictures) – wikiHow
• How to Grow Cabbages | BBC Gardeners World Magazine
• How to Grow Cabbage: 10 Tips for Growing Cabbage
• How to Plant and Grow Cabbage – Harvest to Table

Remember, each gardening journey is unique, so what works best for your cabbages may depend on your local climate, soil type, and personal preferences.