How to Grow and Care for Chrysanthemum

Chrysanthemums, also known as mums, are beautiful flowering plants that add color and vibrancy to any garden or landscape.

Whether you’re a beginner gardener or have some experience, growing chrysanthemums can be a rewarding endeavor.

Here’s a guide on how to grow chrysanthemum plants and where to grow them for optimal results.

Annual Vegetative Calendar for Chrysanthemum

Chrysanthemums, or mums, are beloved for their vibrant blooms that can light up the fall garden. To ensure these perennials—or annuals, depending on your climate—provide the best show, a year-round care calendar is essential. Let’s break down the care steps month by month.

Spring

Month	Tasks	Description
March	Cleanup	Remove winter mulch and any dead plant material. Check for signs of new growth.
	Division	Divide crowded clumps every 3-4 years to rejuvenate plants and encourage vigorous growth.
April	Planting	Plant chrysanthemum seedlings or rooted cuttings outdoors after the last frost.
	Fertilization	Begin a regular fertilization program with a balanced fertilizer to encourage strong roots.
May	Pinching	Start pinching back the tips of new growth to encourage bushiness and more blooms.

Summer

Month	Tasks	Description
June	Watering	Water plants deeply at the base to avoid wetting the foliage, especially during dry periods.
July	Continued Pinching	Continue pinching back new growth until mid-July to promote branching and more flowers.
August	Pest & Disease Control	Monitor for pests and diseases. Treat aphids and spider mites with insecticidal soap.

Fall

Month	Tasks	Description
September	Support	Stake taller varieties to keep them upright as they grow and begin to bloom.
October	Enjoy Blooms	Deadhead spent flowers to encourage more blooms and extend the flowering period.
November	Mulching	After the first hard frost, cut back stems to 2-3 inches and apply a thick layer of mulch for winter protection.

Winter

Month	Tasks	Description
December	Rest	Let the plants rest under their protective mulch.
January	Planning	Plan for the next season. Consider new varieties or colors to add to your garden.
February	Early Start	Start seeds indoors if you’re growing chrysanthemums from seed for transplanting in spring.

Caring for chrysanthemums involves a mix of timely planting, regular maintenance, and protective measures as the seasons change. By following this vegetative calendar, you can ensure your mums provide a spectacular display of color from late summer through fall.

Adjust care routines as needed based on your local climate conditions and the specific needs of your plants.

How to Grow Chrysanthemum Plants

Growing chrysanthemums requires attention to a few key factors to ensure healthy plant development and abundant blooms.

Follow these steps to cultivate thriving chrysanthemum plants:

Choose the right variety: Chrysanthemums come in various types, including garden mums, cushion mums, and spray mums. Select a variety suitable for your climate and gardening preferences.
Select a suitable location: Chrysanthemums thrive in full sun, so choose a location that receives at least six hours of direct sunlight per day. Ensure the soil is well-drained to prevent waterlogging.
Prepare the soil: Before planting, amend the soil with organic matter, such as compost or well-rotted manure, to improve its fertility, drainage, and moisture retention.
Planting: Dig a hole slightly larger than the root ball of the chrysanthemum plant. Place the plant in the hole, ensuring the crown is level with the soil surface. Backfill the hole and gently firm the soil around the plant.
Watering: Water newly planted chrysanthemums thoroughly and regularly, keeping the soil evenly moist. Avoid overwatering to prevent root rot. Once established, water deeply but less frequently, allowing the top inch of soil to dry between waterings.
Fertilization: Apply a balanced slow-release fertilizer according to the package instructions or use a water-soluble fertilizer during the growing season to promote healthy growth and abundant blooms.
Pruning: Pinch back the chrysanthemum plants when they reach a height of 6 to 8 inches. This encourages bushier growth and more flower buds. Additionally, remove any spent blooms to promote continuous flowering.
Winter protection: In colder climates, provide winter protection for chrysanthemums by adding a layer of mulch around the plants to insulate the roots and prevent frost damage.

Where to Grow Chrysanthemum

Chrysanthemums can be grown in various locations to suit different gardening preferences.

Consider the following options:

Garden beds: Plant chrysanthemums in well-prepared garden beds or borders. They make excellent additions to mixed perennial flower beds, providing color and interest in the late summer and fall seasons.
Containers: Grow chrysanthemums in containers or pots to enjoy their beauty on patios, balconies, or porches. Ensure the containers have drainage holes and use a well-draining potting mix.
Cut flower gardens: Chrysanthemums are popular as cut flowers due to their long-lasting blooms. Allocate a section of your garden specifically for growing chrysanthemums for cutting, and enjoy fresh bouquets throughout the season.
Indoor cultivation: Some chrysanthemum varieties can be grown indoors as houseplants. Choose suitable compact or dwarf varieties and provide them with bright, indirect light and well-drained potting soil.

Remember, chrysanthemums come in a wide range of colors, sizes, and flower forms, allowing you to create stunning displays and arrangements.

With proper care and attention, your chrysanthemum plants will reward you with a burst of vibrant color and beauty.

How to Plant Chrysanthemum Plants

Chrysanthemums, with their vibrant and diverse colors, can be a wonderful addition to your garden.

Here are some steps to help you successfully plant chrysanthemum plants:

Choose the Right Location: Select a spot in your garden that receives full sun for at least six hours a day. Chrysanthemums thrive in well-draining soil, so ensure that the chosen area has good drainage.
Prepare the Soil: Before planting, prepare the soil by loosening it and removing any weeds or debris. You can enrich the soil by adding compost or well-rotted manure to improve its fertility and drainage.
Select Healthy Plants: When purchasing chrysanthemum plants, choose healthy specimens with green foliage and well-developed buds. Avoid plants with yellowing or wilted leaves.
Dig Planting Holes: Dig holes that are slightly wider and deeper than the root ball of the plant. Space the holes at least 18 to 24 inches apart to allow adequate room for growth.
Planting Depth: Place the chrysanthemum plant in the hole, ensuring that the top of the root ball is level with the soil surface. Backfill the hole with soil, gently firming it around the roots.
Watering: After planting, water the chrysanthemum plants thoroughly to settle the soil and eliminate any air pockets. Provide regular watering during the establishment period to promote root growth.
Mulching: Apply a layer of organic mulch, such as straw or wood chips, around the base of the plants. Mulch helps conserve soil moisture, suppresses weed growth, and regulates soil temperature.
Support if Needed: Some taller chrysanthemum varieties may require staking or support to prevent bending or breaking of stems. Install stakes or plant supports at the time of planting to provide necessary support as the plants grow.
Deadheading: Regularly remove spent flowers by pinching or cutting them off. This practice, known as deadheading, encourages the plant to produce more blooms and helps maintain a neat appearance.
Fertilization: Feed chrysanthemum plants with a balanced slow-release fertilizer in early spring and again in early summer. Follow the package instructions for proper application rates.
Overwintering: In colder regions, consider providing winter protection for chrysanthemums. Apply a layer of mulch around the base of the plants before the first frost to insulate the roots.

How to Care for Chrysanthemum

To ensure the health and vitality of your chrysanthemum plants, proper care is essential.

Here are some tips to help you care for chrysanthemums:

Watering: Chrysanthemums require regular watering, especially during dry spells. Water deeply, providing enough moisture to saturate the root zone, but avoid overwatering, as excessive moisture can lead to root rot.
Fertilization: Apply a balanced fertilizer during the growing season to provide essential nutrients. Follow the recommended dosage on the fertilizer package, as excessive fertilization can result in leggy growth and reduced flowering.
Pinching and Pruning: Pinch back the growing tips of chrysanthemum plants when they reach about 6 inches in height. This encourages bushier growth and more abundant blooms. Additionally, remove any damaged or diseased foliage to maintain plant health.
Supporting Tall Varieties: If you’re growing taller chrysanthemum varieties, provide support using stakes or plant cages to prevent them from flopping over under their weight or during strong winds.
Pest and Disease Control: Keep an eye out for common pests such as aphids, thrips, and spider mites. Regularly inspect the plants and take appropriate measures, such as using insecticidal soap or introducing beneficial insects, to control pest populations. Additionally, be vigilant for signs of diseases like powdery mildew or leaf spots and promptly treat them with appropriate fungicides if necessary.
Winter Protection: In regions with harsh winters, provide winter protection for chrysanthemums. Apply a layer of mulch around the base of the plants before the first frost to insulate the roots and protect them from freezing temperatures.
Division and Transplanting: Every few years, divide and transplant chrysanthemum clumps to rejuvenate the plants and prevent overcrowding. This can be done in early spring or after flowering in fall.

By following these care guidelines, you can enjoy the beauty and longevity of your chrysanthemum plants throughout the growing season. Remember to adjust your care routine based on the specific needs of the chrysanthemum variety you are growing.

How to Prune Chrysanthemum Plants

Pruning chrysanthemum plants is an important task that helps promote healthy growth and abundant flowering.

Proper pruning techniques can shape the plants, encourage more blooms, and maintain overall vigor.

Here are the steps to follow when pruning chrysanthemum plants:

Timing: Prune your chrysanthemum plants in spring or early summer, before the flower buds start to form. This allows the plants to focus their energy on developing new growth and flower buds.
Removing Dead Growth: Begin by removing any dead or damaged stems and foliage. Cut these back to the base of the plant to maintain a clean and tidy appearance.
Pinching: Pinching is a technique used to encourage bushier growth and more flower production. When the stems reach about 6 inches in height, pinch off the top inch of each stem using your fingers or pruning shears. This prompts the plant to branch out and produce multiple stems, resulting in a fuller and more compact plant.
Disbudding: If you want larger, show-quality blooms, you can selectively remove some of the flower buds. This directs the plant’s energy towards fewer flowers, resulting in larger and more impressive blooms. To disbud, simply pinch off the smaller buds, leaving only the largest and most desirable ones on each stem.
Regular Maintenance: Throughout the growing season, continue to remove any dead or spent blooms to encourage continuous flowering. This process, known as deadheading, not only keeps the plant looking neat but also prevents the formation of seeds, allowing the plant to focus its energy on producing new flowers.

Remember to sanitize your pruning tools between cuts to prevent the spread of diseases. Following these pruning practices will help keep your chrysanthemum plants healthy, vigorous, and blooming beautifully.

How to Propagate Chrysanthemum

Propagating chrysanthemums allows you to expand your plant collection and create new plants from existing ones.

There are several methods you can use to propagate chrysanthemum plants:

Division: Divide mature chrysanthemum plants in spring or early fall. Dig up the clump of chrysanthemum and separate it into smaller sections, making sure each section has roots and shoots. Replant the divisions in well-prepared soil and water thoroughly.
Cuttings: Take stem cuttings from healthy, non-flowering shoots in spring or early summer. Cut a 4-6 inch section of the stem just below a leaf node. Remove the lower leaves and dip the cut end in rooting hormone. Plant the cuttings in a well-draining medium, such as a mixture of perlite and peat moss, and keep them in a warm, humid environment. Once rooted, transplant the cuttings into individual pots or the garden.
Layering: Select a low, flexible stem on the chrysanthemum plant and bury a section of it in the soil, leaving the tip exposed. Secure the buried section with a U-shaped wire or a small stake. Keep the soil moist and wait for roots to develop at the buried section. Once rooted, detach the new plant from the parent and transplant it.
Seeds: Chrysanthemums can also be grown from seeds, although this method takes longer. Sow the seeds in a seed-starting mix, keeping them moist and in a warm location. Once the seedlings have grown a few inches tall, transplant them into individual pots or the garden.

By using these propagation methods, you can easily multiply your chrysanthemum plants and enjoy their vibrant blooms in different areas of your garden.

Advice On Buying Chrysanthemum Plants

When it comes to buying chrysanthemum plants, there are a few key factors to consider to ensure you get healthy and vibrant specimens for your garden.

Here are some helpful tips to keep in mind:

Choose a Reputable Source: Look for trusted nurseries or garden centers that specialize in selling plants. They are more likely to offer high-quality chrysanthemum plants with proper care and cultivation.
Inspect the Plants: Before purchasing, carefully examine the plants for any signs of damage or disease. Check the leaves, stems, and flowers for discoloration, wilting, pests, or any other abnormalities. Healthy chrysanthemums should have lush foliage and strong stems.
Select the Right Variety: Chrysanthemums come in a wide range of varieties, each with its unique colors, forms, and bloom times. Consider your gardening goals and preferences when choosing a specific variety. Some popular types include daisy, cushion, spider, and pompom chrysanthemums.
Check Plant Labels or Descriptions: Look for detailed information on the plant labels or descriptions. This includes important details about the plant’s height, sun exposure requirements, water needs, and hardiness zones. Ensure that the chrysanthemum variety you choose is suitable for your local climate.
Timing: Purchase chrysanthemum plants during the appropriate planting season for your region. They are often available in nurseries and garden centers in late spring or early fall. Buying them at the right time will give them the best chance of establishing well in your garden.
Consider Established Plants: If you want instant impact in your garden, consider buying larger, more established chrysanthemum plants. These plants have already gone through the initial growth stages and may already have flower buds forming. They can provide immediate color and beauty to your outdoor space.
Ask for Expert Advice: Don’t hesitate to ask the nursery staff or experienced gardeners for recommendations or guidance. They can provide valuable insights on specific varieties, planting techniques, and general care tips for chrysanthemum plants.

By following these guidelines, you can confidently select and purchase healthy chrysanthemum plants that will thrive in your garden and bring you joy with their stunning blooms.

Where to Buy Chrysanthemum Plants Online

If you prefer the convenience of buying chrysanthemum plants online, there are several reputable online nurseries and retailers where you can find a wide selection of varieties.

Here are some popular options to consider:

FarEastFloraMarket.com: This online store offers a wide range of chrysanthemum varieties, including Taiwan Mums, Ping Pong Mums, and Spider Mums. They provide a selection of colors and bloom types, making it easy to find the perfect chrysanthemum plants for your garden.
Sarah Raven: Sarah Raven’s online shop provides a diverse collection of chrysanthemum plants, including both indoor and outdoor varieties. They offer individual varieties in various colors or curated chrysanthemum collections for extra impact.
Woottens Plants: Woottens Plants specializes in hardy chrysanthemum hybrids suitable for the garden. They offer a range of cultivars that flower late in the season and can easily withstand winter conditions. Their online store provides a selection of chrysanthemums that are suitable for outdoor cultivation.
Portland Nursery: Portland Nursery’s online shop features a variety of chrysanthemum plants perfect for the autumn garden. They offer different flower forms, colors, and sizes, allowing you to find the ideal chrysanthemum to enhance your outdoor space.
GrowJoy: GrowJoy’s online store offers a selection of fall mum plants in a wide range of colors. These healthy and vibrant chrysanthemum plants will add a touch of seasonal beauty to your garden. They provide perennial mums, Belgian mums, Igloo mums, and Yoder mums, giving you plenty of options to choose from.

When buying chrysanthemum plants online, make sure to check shipping details, return policies, and customer reviews to ensure a smooth purchasing experience.

Also, consider the specific requirements of the chrysanthemum varieties you’re interested in to ensure they are suitable for your garden.

Chrysanthemum Varieties to Grow

Chrysanthemums offer a stunning array of colors and forms, making them a popular choice among gardeners. Here are some exciting chrysanthemum varieties to consider for your garden:

Daisy Chrysanthemums: These classic chrysanthemums feature a daisy-like appearance with a central disk surrounded by colorful petals. They come in various colors, including white, yellow, pink, and purple.
Cushion Chrysanthemums: Cushion mums produce compact, rounded plants with tightly packed flowers. They often bloom abundantly, creating a dense cluster of colorful blooms. These mums are available in a range of hues, from pastels to vibrant shades.
Spider Chrysanthemums: Spider mums are known for their distinctive long, tubular petals that resemble spider legs. They come in captivating colors and can add a unique touch to floral arrangements or garden borders.
Pompom Chrysanthemums: Pompom mums feature tightly clustered, ball-shaped blooms that resemble fluffy pom-poms. They come in various sizes and vibrant colors, adding a whimsical and playful element to your garden.
Decorative Chrysanthemums: Decorative mums have large, fully double flowers with a variety of petal shapes. They come in an extensive range of colors, from soft pastels to bold and vibrant tones.
Incurve Chrysanthemums: Incurve mums display large, fully double flowers with incurving petals. They often have a prominent central disk and come in a wide range of colors. These mums are known for their elegant and showy appearance.
Quill Chrysanthemums: Quill mums have long, tubular petals that taper to a point, resembling quills or needles. They are available in striking colors and are excellent for adding texture and interest to floral arrangements.

These are just a few examples of the many chrysanthemum varieties available. Explore different cultivars to find the ones that best suit your preferences and garden design.

With their vibrant colors and diverse forms, chrysanthemums are sure to make a stunning addition to any garden or floral display.

FAQs

What type of soil is best for Chrysanthemums?

Chrysanthemums prefer fertile, well-drained soil with lots of organic matter or compost worked in. They thrive in soil that is slightly acidic, with a pH between 5 and 7. A loamy soil is preferential, but they can tolerate different soil types. Good drainage is crucial to prevent waterlogging, as Chrysanthemums can quickly rot if left too wet. If your soil is heavy or poorly drained, you can improve it by adding organic matter, such as aged manure or compost, to enhance its fertility and drainage.

How much sunlight do Chrysanthemums need?

Chrysanthemums require full sun to grow and bloom their best. They should be planted in a location that receives at least 6 hours of direct sunlight per day. Adequate sunlight is essential for the plant’s growth, flower production, and overall health. If your garden doesn’t receive enough sunlight, you can consider growing Chrysanthemums in containers and placing them in a sunny spot or using artificial grow lights to supplement the light.

When should I plant Chrysanthemums?

Chrysanthemums can be planted in the spring after the danger of frost has passed. This allows them plenty of time to establish their roots and develop before blooming in the fall. Planting them early in the growing season also helps them withstand the winter better. If you are using Chrysanthemums as annuals for fall color, you can plant them when they are blooming in late summer or early fall.

How do I plant Chrysanthemums?

Start by preparing the soil by loosening it and removing any weeds or debris. Dig a hole that is slightly larger than the root ball of the Chrysanthemum plant. Place the plant in the hole, making sure the top of the root ball is level with the soil surface. Backfill the hole with soil, gently firming it around the plant. Water thoroughly after planting to settle the soil and provide moisture to the roots. Mulching around the base of the plant with a layer of organic mulch, such as straw or wood chips, can help conserve moisture and suppress weed growth.

How often should I water Chrysanthemums?

Chrysanthemums require regular watering, especially during dry periods. Water the plants deeply, allowing the soil to dry out slightly between waterings. Aim to keep the soil consistently moist, but not overly saturated. Avoid overhead watering, as wet foliage can increase the risk of diseases. Mulching around the base of the plant can help retain moisture and regulate soil temperature.

Do Chrysanthemums require fertilization?

Chrysanthemums benefit from regular fertilization during the growing season to support their growth and flower production. Use a balanced, water-soluble fertilizer formulated for flowering plants. Follow the instructions on the fertilizer packaging for the appropriate dosage and frequency. Generally, it is recommended to fertilize Chrysanthemums every 4-6 weeks during the growing season. Avoid over-fertilizing, as it can lead to excessive foliage growth at the expense of flowers.

Can Chrysanthemums be grown in containers?

Yes, Chrysanthemums can be grown in containers, making them suitable for small gardens, balconies, or for those who prefer container gardening. Choose a container that is at least 12 inches in diameter and has drainage holes. Fill the container with a well-draining potting mix and plant the Chrysanthemum. Place the container in a location that receives full sun. Water regularly, as containers tend to dry out more quickly than garden beds. Ensure that the container has good drainage to prevent waterlogging.

Are there different varieties of Chrysanthemums?

Yes, there are numerous varieties of Chrysanthemums available, each with its own characteristics, flower shapes, colors, and bloom times. Some popular Chrysanthemum varieties include daisy types, pompons, spider types, and decorative types. Each variety has its own unique growing requirements and flower forms. Choose a variety that suits your preferences and growing conditions.

Are there any pests or diseases that affect Chrysanthemums?

Chrysanthemums can be susceptible to pests such as aphids, thrips, and spider mites. Regularly inspect the plants for any signs of infestation, such as distorted leaves or webbing, and take appropriate measures, such as using organic insecticides or insecticidal soaps, if necessary. They can also be affected by diseases like powdery mildew and leaf spot. Proper spacing, good air circulation, and avoiding overhead watering can help prevent these diseases. If necessary, treat the plants with appropriate fungicides.

How do I care for Chrysanthemums after blooming?

After the Chrysanthemums have finished blooming, you can cut back the spent flowers and stems to encourage new growth and potentially a second bloom. In colder climates, you can protect the plants during winter by adding a layer of mulch around the base to insulate the roots. In spring, remove the mulch and prune any dead or damaged growth. Regularly monitor the plants for pests or diseases and take appropriate action if necessary.

Additional Resources

Here are some additional resources that provide helpful information on how to grow and care for chrysanthemums:

These resources provide comprehensive guides and tips on planting, growing, and caring for chrysanthemums.

We hope that this information is helpful and assists you in successfully cultivating vibrant chrysanthemum plants.

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