Heather plants, also known as Scotch Heather or Scottish Heather, are small, woody perennials that belong to the Ericaceae family.

The botanical name for these plants is Calluna vulgaris. They are favored for their colorful flowers and foliage, which add a distinctive touch to any landscape.

Annual Vegetative Calendar for Heather

Heather, with its delicate flowers and evergreen foliage, adds color and texture to the garden year-round. Thriving in acidic soil, this hardy plant is perfect for borders, ground covers, and rock gardens.

Here’s an annual vegetative calendar tailored for heather care.

Spring

Month	Tasks	Description
March	Pruning	Trim heather plants to remove winter damage and shape the plants before new growth begins.
	Soil Check	Test soil pH to ensure it remains acidic. Amend with sulfur if necessary to lower pH.
April	Planting	Ideal time to plant heather, ensuring the soil is well-draining and amended with peat moss for acidity.
	Watering	Begin regular watering as temperatures rise, especially for new plantings.
May	Mulching	Apply an acidic mulch, like pine needles, to retain moisture and suppress weeds.

Summer

Month	Tasks	Description
June	Fertilization	Apply an acid-forming fertilizer to support growth and flowering.
July	Pest Monitoring	Check for pests and diseases, treating as necessary to prevent spread.
August	Watering	Continue regular watering, adjusting for rainfall and temperature to prevent drought stress.

Fall

Month	Tasks	Description
September	Additional Planting	Plant more heather for spring bloom. Fall is a good time for planting to allow root establishment.
October	Fertilization Pause	Stop fertilizing to allow plants to harden off for winter.
November	Protection	In colder regions, protect heather from winter winds and frost with burlap screens or mulch.

Winter

Month	Tasks	Description
December	Watering Reduction	Reduce watering as plant growth slows and temperatures drop.
January	Winter Care	Monitor for winter damage and apply anti-desiccant if necessary to protect from windburn.
February	Early Pruning Prep	Prepare for early spring pruning by assessing plants for dead or damaged growth to be removed.

Caring for heather involves maintaining acidic soil conditions, regular pruning for shape and health, and vigilant pest and disease monitoring.

By following this vegetative calendar, you can enjoy the beauty of heather throughout the year, with its evergreen foliage and seasonal blooms adding color and interest to your garden.

Adjust care routines as needed based on your local climate conditions and the specific needs of your heather variety.

How to Grow Heather

The process of growing these plants involves several key steps:

• Choosing the right time to plant: Heather is best planted in the spring or early fall.
• Selecting the appropriate soil type: These plants prefer sandy, well-drained, and acidic soil. They also tolerate poor, rocky soil and even salt spray, which makes them suitable for coastal hillsides.
• Considering sun exposure: Heather plants need full to partial sun exposure.
• Pruning: Heather plants rely more on watering and pruning than fertilizer. This means you will need to regularly prune them to maintain their health and appearance.
• Ensuring correct soil pH: The soil in which heather plants are grown should be acidic, with a pH of 6.5 or less for Calluna heathers, and a pH of 7 or higher for Erica heathers, as long as the soil has been enriched with organic matter.
• Providing sufficient watering: After the plants are established, usually after the first year, they should not be heavily watered. However, they do require about an inch (2.5 cm.) of water per week, including rainfall and supplemental irrigation. Too much water can cause the roots to rot, but the soil should remain consistently moist.

Where to Grow Heather

Heather can be grown in a variety of settings, thanks to its ability to withstand diverse conditions.

Here are some of the most common places where you might want to consider planting heather:

• In acidic gardens: All types of heather thrive in acidic soil. If your garden soil is acidic, this could be an ideal plant for you.
• On coastal hillsides: Heather plants can tolerate salt spray, which makes them a good choice for coastal areas.
• In sunny spots: These plants need at least a half-day of sun, with a minimum of six hours a day. Full sun is even better, as the foliage colors intensify when fully exposed.
• In USDA Hardiness Zones: Heather plants are best grown in USDA Growing Zones 4b to 6a. Some species and cultivars can even grow down to Zone 2.
• In rock gardens: Shorter types of heather are suited to being ground covers or planted in rock gardens, while taller varieties can be grown in rows to form borders.
• In raised beds or mounds: If your soil is heavy, creating a hillside, raised bed, or mound of soil can help improve drainage, which is crucial for heather plants.

Remember, whether you’re planting heather in your garden or in a pot, it’s a plant that requires relatively low maintenance and doesn’t demand a big show-off effect.

Instead, its subtle beauty will make a statement and add a unique charm to your surroundings.

How to Plant Heather

Planting heather properly is crucial for its growth and development. Here are the steps to plant heather plants:

• Selection of the plant: Heather, also known as Scotch heather or Calluna vulgaris, is an evergreen shrub. It originates from the bogs and moors of Scotland and other parts of Europe. The plant blooms from mid-summer to early fall with flowers that can be mauve, purple, or white. The foliage also contributes significantly to its appeal, with tiny, scale-like leaves.
• Planting time: Heather is best planted in spring or early fall. This timing allows the plant to establish itself properly.
• Choosing the location: Heather requires full to partial sun exposure. For best results, ensure that your selected spot receives at least six hours of sun each day. Full sun exposure will intensify the color of the foliage.
• Soil requirements: An ideal soil for planting heather is sandy, well-drained, and acidic. The pH should ideally be in the range of 4.5 to 5.5, although some varieties can tolerate a higher pH of up to 6.8. Avoid clay soils or any soil type with slow drainage, as they can lead to stem and root rot in heathers. If necessary, you can amend alkaline soil with peat moss to increase its acidity.
• Planting process: You should plant the heathers as far apart as their mature width. This will ensure they have enough room to grow and spread.

How to Care for Heather

Proper care is essential to ensure the health and vitality of heather plants. Here are some important aspects to consider when caring for heather:

• Watering: Although the heather plant is not particularly drought-tolerant, too much water can be damaging. After the plant is established, usually after the first year, it should receive about an inch of water per week, including rainfall and supplemental irrigation. The soil should remain consistently moist, but not waterlogged, to prevent root rot.
• Nutrient management: Heather plants can thrive in poor, rocky soil, and they often require fewer nutrients than many other plants. Despite this, they do benefit from organic matter added to the soil. Examples of suitable organic matter include sphagnum peat moss, well-aged cow manure, pine bark humus, leaf mold, or compost.
• Pruning: Generally, heathers don’t require regular pruning. However, if needed, it should be done to maintain the natural look of the plant.
• Temperature tolerance: Heathers can adapt to cooler temperatures. During these cooler periods, their evergreen foliage intensifies in hue.
• Dealing with pests and diseases: Heather plants are resistant to deer and tolerant of sea spray. However, they can be prone to root rot, especially if they are watered excessively or planted in a spot with poor drainage. If your heather develops root rot, it’s usually best to replace it with a new, healthy plant, as salvaging a rot-infected plant can be challenging.
• Plant usage: Depending on the variety, heather plants can serve different purposes in your garden. Shorter types can be used as ground covers or planted in rock gardens, while taller varieties can be grown in rows to form borders.
• Checking soil pH: Regularly testing your soil pH ensures that it remains within the ideal range for your heather. If the soil becomes too alkaline, the plant may develop chlorosis, resulting in very pale green leaves due to a lack of certain nutrients. You can purchase a soil pH test kit from your local garden center to carry out these checks.

How to Prune Heather Plants

Pruning heather plants is an important aspect of their care to maintain their health and appearance. Here are some steps to guide you in pruning heather plants:

• Timing: Prune heather plants annually in early spring after the last frost. This timing allows you to protect the roots during winter by keeping the past blooms attached. For winter-blooming heathers, prune them after they have finished blooming. In warmer climates, you can prune summer-blooming heathers in the fall.
• Tools: Use hand shears for smaller heathers. Look for shears with a spring mechanism to reduce hand strain. Ensure that your shears are sharp to make clean cuts. For larger beds of heather, opt for hedge shears with long handles, holding them near the ends for better control.
• Pruning technique: When using hand shears, hold the bloom with your non-dominant hand and make a cut with the shears. For hedge shears, open and close them to shape the large bed of heather. Prune away any dead, damaged, or overgrown branches to maintain a neat appearance.

Remember, proper pruning encourages new growth and helps rejuvenate the plant. By following these steps, you can keep your heather plants healthy and vibrant throughout the year.

How to Propagate Heather

Propagating heather plants is a great way to expand your garden or share these lovely plants with others. Here’s how you can propagate heather:

• Method: Heather can be propagated through various methods, including by seeds, cuttings, or division. Among these, propagating through cuttings is the most common and successful technique.
• Collecting cuttings: Take stem cuttings in late spring or early summer when the plant is actively growing. Choose healthy, non-flowering shoots that are about 2-3 inches long. Make a clean cut just below a leaf node.
• Preparing cuttings: Remove the lower leaves from the cutting, leaving only a few at the top. Dip the cut end in a rooting hormone powder or gel to encourage root development.
• Planting the cuttings: Insert the cuttings into a well-draining potting mix, burying them about an inch deep. Water the soil lightly to settle it around the cuttings.
• Rooting process: Place the potted cuttings in a warm and bright location, but avoid direct sunlight. Mist the cuttings regularly to maintain high humidity and prevent them from drying out.
• Transplanting: After several weeks, check for root development by gently tugging on the cuttings. If you feel resistance, it indicates that roots have formed. At this point, you can transplant the rooted cuttings into individual pots or directly into the garden.

By following these steps, you can successfully propagate heather plants and enjoy the beauty of these vibrant shrubs in multiple locations.

Pests and Diseases

While heather plants are generally resilient, they can still be susceptible to certain pests and diseases. Here are some common issues you may encounter and potential solutions:

• Powdery mildew: This fungal disease can affect heather plants, causing white spots on leaves, stems, and shoots. To prevent powdery mildew, plant heather in an area with good air circulation, protect it from weeds, and consider applying horsetail extract.
• Mealybugs: These white insects can infest heather plants, particularly on the leaves. Different from powdery mildew, mealybugs require a different approach for control. You can manually remove them or use organic insecticidal soap to eliminate these pests.

By staying vigilant and addressing these pests and diseases promptly, you can keep your heather plants healthy and thriving.

Remember, proper pruning, propagation, and pest management are essential for the overall care and well-being of heather plants.

Advice On Buying Heather Seeds

When it comes to buying heather seeds, there are a few factors to consider to ensure you get quality seeds that will germinate successfully. Here’s some advice on buying heather seeds:

• Choose reputable sellers: Look for reputable seed sellers or nurseries that specialize in providing high-quality seeds. They often have a good selection of heather seeds and can offer guidance on the best varieties for your specific needs.
• Check seed quality: Inspect the packaging or product description to ensure that the heather seeds are fresh and viable. Look for indications of seed quality, such as a high germination rate and expiration date.
• Consider variety: Heather plants come in different varieties, offering various flower colors and growth habits. Determine the specific variety you want to grow and ensure that the seeds you purchase match your desired characteristics.
• Check growing requirements: Heather plants have specific growing requirements, such as soil acidity and sunlight needs. Make sure the heather seeds you purchase are suitable for your garden conditions. Check the product information or ask the seller if the seeds require acidic soil and if they are suitable for your USDA hardiness zone.
• Read customer reviews: Before making a purchase, check customer reviews or ratings if available. This can provide insights into the seller’s reputation and the quality of their seeds. Look for feedback on germination rates and overall satisfaction.
• Consider certifications: Some heather seeds may have certifications such as USDA Organic. These certifications ensure that the seeds were grown and processed according to specific standards, which can be an additional assurance of quality.

Where to Buy Heather Seeds Online

If you prefer to buy heather seeds online, several reputable websites offer a wide range of options. Here are some popular online sources where you can buy heather seeds:

• Amazon (amazon.com): Amazon offers a variety of heather seeds from different sellers. You can find a range of options, including certified organic seeds and products from small business brands.
• Outsidepride (outsidepride.com): Outsidepride specializes in various types of seeds, including heather seeds. They provide specific product details, growing instructions, and often offer a selection of heather varieties to choose from.
• Wildflowers UK (wildflowersuk.com): Wildflowers UK offers heather seeds specifically for pollinator-friendly gardening. They emphasize the importance of heather for supporting insects like butterflies and bees and provide information on growing requirements.

When purchasing heather seeds online, be sure to check the seller’s ratings, shipping options, and return policies if applicable. It’s also a good idea to compare prices and reviews to make an informed decision.

Happy gardening and enjoy growing your heather from seeds!

Advice On Buying Heather Plants

When it comes to buying heather plants, there are a few important factors to consider to ensure you get healthy and thriving specimens.

Here’s some advice on buying heather plants:

1. Choose reputable nurseries: It’s always a good idea to purchase plants from reputable nurseries or garden centers. They often have knowledgeable staff who can provide guidance and ensure the quality of the plants they sell.
2. Inspect the plants: Before purchasing heather plants, carefully inspect them for signs of health and vigor. Look for plants with lush, green foliage and avoid those with yellowing or wilting leaves. Check for any signs of pests or diseases, such as discoloration, spots, or unusual growths.
3. Consider the bloom time: Heather plants come in various types and bloom at different times of the year. Determine the specific bloom time you prefer, whether it’s summer, autumn, or even winter. This will help you choose the right variety to suit your desired flowering season.
4. Check the hardiness zone: Make sure the heather plants you intend to buy are suitable for your specific hardiness zone. Check the plant’s label or consult with the nursery staff to ensure that the plants can withstand the temperatures and climate conditions in your area.
5. Research suitable varieties: Different varieties of heather offer various flower colors, foliage characteristics, and growth habits. Research the different options available to find the ones that best suit your preferences and garden design. Consider factors such as height, spread, and color to create an aesthetically pleasing and well-rounded display.
6. Consider soil and sunlight requirements: Heather plants have specific soil and sunlight preferences. Determine if the variety you’re interested in requires acidic soil or if it can tolerate neutral to alkaline soil. Also, consider the amount of sunlight the plants need, whether they prefer full sun or partial shade. Ensure that your garden conditions align with the specific requirements of the heather variety you plan to buy.
7. Ask for care instructions: When purchasing heather plants, ask the nursery staff for care instructions specific to the variety you’re buying. They can provide valuable information on watering needs, pruning recommendations, and general maintenance requirements to ensure the long-term success of your plants.

By following these guidelines and considering the specific requirements of the heather plants you wish to purchase, you can make an informed decision and select healthy, thriving specimens for your garden.

Where to Buy Heather Plants Online

If you prefer the convenience of purchasing heather plants online, several reputable websites offer a wide range of varieties to choose from.

Here are some popular online sources where you can buy heather plants:

• Amazon (amazon.com): Amazon offers a variety of heather plants from different sellers. When buying from Amazon, be sure to check the seller’s ratings and reviews to ensure their reliability and the quality of the plants they offer.
• Ashwood Nurseries (ashwoodnurseries.com): Ashwood Nurseries offers a selection of heather plants for online purchase. They provide detailed descriptions, including bloom time and color, to help you choose the right varieties for your garden.
• Singling Tree Gardens Nursery (singtree.com): Singing Tree Gardens Nursery specializes in heather plants and offers an extensive selection of different varieties. Their website provides information on each variety’s characteristics and availability for online ordering.
• BBC Gardeners’ World Magazine Shop (gardenersworld.com): The online shop of BBC Gardeners’ World Magazine offers a range of heather plants for sale. They provide detailed descriptions and planting advice to help you make an informed choice.

Before purchasing heather plants online, check the shipping options, delivery times, and any guarantees or return policies provided by the sellers.

It’s also a good idea to read customer reviews when available to get an idea of the quality and satisfaction of previous buyers.

Heather Varieties to Grow

Heather, with its beautiful flowers and evergreen foliage, offers a range of varieties that can add color and charm to your garden.

Here are some heather varieties you can consider growing:

• Bell Heather (Erica cinerea): This type of heather produces beautiful bright-magenta flowers from late spring to early fall. It grows up to 10 inches tall and 2 feet in width, making it suitable for rock gardens, slopes, and groundcovers. Bell Heather thrives in full sun and well-drained soil.
• Dark Beauty Heather (Calluna vulgaris): Dark Beauty Heather features deep purple foliage and blooms from mid-summer to early fall. It grows up to 24 inches tall and 24-36 inches wide. This variety is well-suited for adding a touch of elegance to your garden and is known for its winter hardiness.
• Eileen Porter Heather (Erica carnea): Eileen Porter Heather showcases pink flowers and grows to a height of 6 inches. It blooms from January to April, making it a delightful addition to winter and early spring gardens. This low-growing variety is suitable for ground covers and rock gardens.
• Firefly Heather (Calluna vulgaris): Firefly Heather boasts vibrant red flowers and stands out with its unique coloring. It blooms from mid-summer to early fall and grows up to 24 inches tall. This variety thrives in full sun and requires well-drained soil.
• Jana Heather (Calluna vulgaris): Jana Heather is a charming variety that displays pink flowers. It grows to a height of approximately 24 inches and offers a touch of elegance to your garden. This variety prefers full sun and well-drained soil.
• Pink Star Heather (Erica tetralix): Pink Star Heather showcases delicate pink flowers and grows up to 12 inches tall. It blooms from mid-summer to early fall and thrives in full sun to partial shade. This variety is suitable for moist, acidic soils.
• Irish Heath (Deboecia Cantabrica): Irish Heath is a unique variety with vibrant pink flowers. It grows to a height of approximately 10 inches and offers a splash of color to your garden. This variety prefers full sun and well-drained soil.
• Winter Chocolate Heather (Calluna vulgaris): Winter Chocolate Heather features foliage that changes color throughout the year, ranging from bronze to chocolate brown. It blooms from mid-summer to early fall and grows up to 24 inches tall. This variety adds interest and visual appeal to your garden.
• Silver Knight Heather (Calluna vulgaris): Silver Knight Heather offers silver-gray foliage and blooms from mid-summer to early fall. It grows up to 24 inches tall and is known for its winter hardiness. This variety thrives in full sun and well-drained soil.

These are just a few examples of the many heather varieties available.

Each variety has its own unique characteristics, flower colors, and growth habits, allowing you to select the ones that best suit your garden and personal preferences.

FAQs

Additional Resources

Here are some additional resources that provide information on how to grow and care for heather:

• How to Grow and Care for Heather Shrubs – The Spruce
• How to Grow and Care for a Heather Plant – BBC Gardeners World Magazine
• How to Plant, Grow, and Care for Heather – MorningChores
• Growing Heather: How To Care For Heather – Gardening Know How
• How to Grow and Care for Heaths and Heathers – Gardenia

These resources provide helpful information on various aspects of growing and caring for heather plants.

We hope that this information is useful to you in your gardening endeavors.